Current epidemiological situation in the context of inclusion body hepatitis in poultry flocks in Poland

Abstract

The research has been undertaken to understand the spreading of adenovirus strains in Poland's poultry flocks in the last six years. One hundred and forty-nine herds suspected of infection with adenoviruses were tested and the presence of poultry adenoviruses was found in 86 studied herds which were about 57,71% of examined flocks. Thirty-eight (44.18%) strains were connected with the infection of inclusion body hepatitis, 11 (12.79%) strains were isolated from digestive system dysfunction, 33 (38.37%) strains had been obtained from the flocks with no symptomatic changes/behaviour, and four (4.65%) strains were obtained from flocks with the manifestation of depression. Sequencing analysis was based on Loop L1 region of the HVR1-4 fragment of the hexon gene. The adenovirus strains were classified into five species FAdV-A-E, belonging to the following eight serotypes: FAdV-1/A, FAdV-5/ B, FAdV-3/D, FAdV-2/11/D, FAdV-10/C, and FAdV-7/8a/E. The most common serotype in poultry turned out to be type/species FAdV-2/11/D, FAdV-5/B, and FAdV-7/8b/E while the least frequent was type/species FAdV-10/C (only two strains respectively of this type were isolated with the following range: FAdV-1/A 6 (6.97%), FAdV-5/B 24 (27,90%), FAdV-3/D 4 (4,65%), FAdV-10/C 2 (2,32%), FAdV-2/11/D 36 (41,86%), and FAdV-E 14 (16.27%). The understanding of genetic diversity, geographic distribution, and antigenic properties of fowl adenovirus strains (FAdVs) isolated in Poland have been evaluated.