https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl:443 Repozytorium cyfrowe DSpace zapisuje, przechowuje, indeksuje i udostępnia cyfrowe materiały. Wed, 19 Aug 2026 09:04:11 GMT 2026-08-19T09:04:11Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/972 Ecology driven patterns of herpesvirus spread in cervids in Poland Soch, Wojciech; Jabłoński, Artur; Krzysiak, Michał K.; Kubiś, Piotr; Russell, George; Larska, Magdalena Cervids are considered as a potential hosts for various human and animal pathogens but studies on herpesvirus infections among these species remain limited. We have used a panherpesvirus PCR to investigate herpesvirus diversity and prevalence and a BoHV-4-specific ELISA to assess exposure to BoHV-4. Among 1257 cervids tested for the herpesvirus DNA, 389 (30.9%) were positive. The prevalence was highest among fallow deer (63.9%), followed by red deer (29.8%) and roe deer (19.4%); among captive animals (42.1%) and in forest districts with low (31.2%) or medium (32.9%) forest coverage. No positive cases were found in moose. BoHV-4 specific antibodies were found in 107 out of 1179 (9.1%) tested cervids. Seroprevalence was highest among roe deer (18.7%) and in regions with the highest forest coverage (13.9%). Two gammaherpesvirus species: Fallow deer lymphotropic herpesvirus, Elk gammaherpesvirus 1; and one betaherpesvirus – Capreolus herpesvirus 1 were for the first time identified in Polish deer. Although, none of these viruses is currently considered pathogenic for cervids, the study revealed distinct ecological patterns of herpesvirus circulation among cervid species. These findings expand current knowledge of herpesvirus diversity in Polish cervids and demonstrate the value of herpesvirus surveillance for understanding pathogen transmission and wildlife–livestock interactions. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/972 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/971 Mycoplasma gallinarum infection associated with apparent Mycoplasma meleagridis seropositivity in breeder turkey flocks Kowalczyk, Joanna; Śmiałek, Marcin; Kursa, Olimpia Monitored EU-wide, mycoplasmosis is a significant poultry disease caused by bacteria of the genus Mycoplasma, among which M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae, M. meleagridis and M. iowae are of major importance. Infection can lead to clinical disease and economic losses. Serological assays can give false positive results because of antigenic cross-reactivity among Mycoplasma species. Molecular diagnostics provide greater specificity and reliability. This study investigated suspected cases of Mycoplasma meleagridis infection in turkeys and assessed whether the observed serological reactivity was by cross- reactive antibodies rather than a sign of M. meleagridis infection. Material and Methods: One case in a breeder turkey flock was investigated during the rearing period, and another case in a similar flock was explored in the laying period. Both flocks had serology results positive for M. meleagridis. The rearing flock was monitored with ELISA, PCR and sequencing for extended time after a single positive result, whereas the laying flock was testing using rapid plate agglutination (RPA) in addition because mortality was higher and egg production lower. In both cases, swab and blood samples were taken to verify the initial serological findings and assess the potential presence of M. meleagridis. Results: In the breeding flock, ELISA detected a single positive reaction against M. meleagridis in one of three houses. However, a PCR did not confirm the presence of M. meleagridis DNA, although Mycoplasma spp. DNA was detected at low/inconclusive levels. In the laying flock, the RPA test gave several seropositive reactions against M. meleagridis, whereas a PCR did not confirm its presence. Microbiological culture, 16S rRNA PCR and Sanger sequencing identified M. gallinarum in both flocks. Conclusion: The results highlight the limited specificity of serological assays and the necessity of molecular confirmation for accurate diagnosis. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/971 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/970 Occurrence of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in Edible Land Snails (Helix pomatia) from Poland: Tissue Distribution and Implications for Food Safety Ziomek, Monika; Kowalczyk, Julia; Pajurek, Marek; Mikołajczyk, Szczepan; Pietroń, Wojciech; Szkucik, Krzysztof; Gondek, Michał Terrestrial snails are recognised as bioindicators of environmental contamination and may represent a source of dietary exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, data on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in edible land snails remain limited. This study investigated PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and non-dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs) in the foot muscle and hepatopancreas of free-living Helix pomatia (H. pomatia) collected from two regions of Poland. A total of 48 snails (24 per region) were analysed as three pooled replicates per tissue type in each region. Thirty-five congeners were determined using high-resolution gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS). Overall, only trace concentrations of selected PCDFs and dl-PCBs were detected, exclusively in hepatopancreas samples. Among PCDFs, only 2,3,7,8-TCDF and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF were quantified, whereas PCB 77 was the only quantified dl-PCB congener. All analysed PCDD congeners and ndl-PCBs were below the limit of quantification. TEQ values calculated using 2005 WHO-TEFs remained very low in all analysed samples, including under the upper-bound approach. The preferential detection of contaminants in the hepatopancreas was consistent with the higher lipid content of this tissue. The results indicate very low contamination of H. pomatia with dioxins and PCBs and low toxicological relevance under the investigated conditions. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/970 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/969 First Molecular Survey of Equine Adenovirus Type 1 Infection Among Horses in Poland Stasiak, Karol; Dunowska, Magdalena; Rola, Jerzy Equine adenovirus type 1 (EAdV-1) infection has been recognised among horses worldwide. The virus predominantly targets respiratory tract but has also been recovered from other body systems. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of EAdV-1 infection among selected horse populations in Poland and to estimate genetic variability within the viruses obtained. A quantitative PCR assay targeting a partial hexon gene was used to screen 1150 nasal swabs collected from 1145 horses from 19 horse studs throughout Poland. The samples were collected opportunistically between 2012 and 2025. A set of PCR primers was designed to amplify and sequence a partial fibre gene from the qPCR-positive samples. Sequences from 1 to 5 clones from each PCR product were analysed using sequence identity matrix, phylogeny and median-joining haplotype networks. EAdV-1 was found in 49/1150 (4.3%) samples collected from 48 healthy horses and one horse showing clinical signs of respiratory disease. Partial fibre gene sequences from individual horses were closely related to each other. Sequences from each stud were closely related, even if they were collected over several years. Taken together, this study provides first insights into the epidemiology of active infections caused by EAdV-1 among horses from selected Polish studs, including genetic variability among the viruses detected. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/969 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z