https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/6 artykuły z czasopism Thu, 13 Aug 2026 09:28:28 GMT 2026-08-13T09:28:28Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/970 Occurrence of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in Edible Land Snails (Helix pomatia) from Poland: Tissue Distribution and Implications for Food Safety Ziomek, Monika; Kowalczyk, Julia; Pajurek, Marek; Mikołajczyk, Szczepan; Pietroń, Wojciech; Szkucik, Krzysztof; Gondek, Michał Terrestrial snails are recognised as bioindicators of environmental contamination and may represent a source of dietary exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, data on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in edible land snails remain limited. This study investigated PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs), and non-dioxin-like PCBs (ndl-PCBs) in the foot muscle and hepatopancreas of free-living Helix pomatia (H. pomatia) collected from two regions of Poland. A total of 48 snails (24 per region) were analysed as three pooled replicates per tissue type in each region. Thirty-five congeners were determined using high-resolution gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS). Overall, only trace concentrations of selected PCDFs and dl-PCBs were detected, exclusively in hepatopancreas samples. Among PCDFs, only 2,3,7,8-TCDF and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF were quantified, whereas PCB 77 was the only quantified dl-PCB congener. All analysed PCDD congeners and ndl-PCBs were below the limit of quantification. TEQ values calculated using 2005 WHO-TEFs remained very low in all analysed samples, including under the upper-bound approach. The preferential detection of contaminants in the hepatopancreas was consistent with the higher lipid content of this tissue. The results indicate very low contamination of H. pomatia with dioxins and PCBs and low toxicological relevance under the investigated conditions. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/970 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/969 First Molecular Survey of Equine Adenovirus Type 1 Infection Among Horses in Poland Stasiak, Karol; Dunowska, Magdalena; Rola, Jerzy Equine adenovirus type 1 (EAdV-1) infection has been recognised among horses worldwide. The virus predominantly targets respiratory tract but has also been recovered from other body systems. The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of EAdV-1 infection among selected horse populations in Poland and to estimate genetic variability within the viruses obtained. A quantitative PCR assay targeting a partial hexon gene was used to screen 1150 nasal swabs collected from 1145 horses from 19 horse studs throughout Poland. The samples were collected opportunistically between 2012 and 2025. A set of PCR primers was designed to amplify and sequence a partial fibre gene from the qPCR-positive samples. Sequences from 1 to 5 clones from each PCR product were analysed using sequence identity matrix, phylogeny and median-joining haplotype networks. EAdV-1 was found in 49/1150 (4.3%) samples collected from 48 healthy horses and one horse showing clinical signs of respiratory disease. Partial fibre gene sequences from individual horses were closely related to each other. Sequences from each stud were closely related, even if they were collected over several years. Taken together, this study provides first insights into the epidemiology of active infections caused by EAdV-1 among horses from selected Polish studs, including genetic variability among the viruses detected. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/969 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/966 Evolutionary dynamics of the multidrug-resistant Salmonella Infantis harbouring the pESI megaplasmid across Europe Alba, Patricia; Diaconu, Elena Lavinia; Carfora, Virginia; Battisti, Antonio; Franco, Alessia; Ceyssens, Pieter-Jan; Graells- Garcia, Cristina; Schau Slettemeås, Jannice; Zając, Magdalena; Skarżyńska, Magdalena; Wasyl, Dariusz; Clemente, Lurdes; Caniça, Manuela; Manageiro, Vera; Börjesson, Stefan; Franz, Eelco; Östlund, Emma; Söderlund, Robert; Garcia- Fernandez, Aurora; Villa, Laura Multidrug- resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis clone, harbouring the pESI megaplasmid, first described in Israel in 2014, is consistently reported in poultry and humans worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the genomic epi- demiology of S. Infantis collected by nine European Public Health Institutions from samples of different origins (human, food and animal sources) and understand the evolutionary dynamics of pESI-like in Europe. The resolved pESI-like sequences have also been compared with complete publicly available pESI-like sequences from other countries, in a One Health context. The circulation of a S. Infantis clone in Europe carrying the mosaic megaplasmid pESI-like has been associated with resistance to sulphonamides (sul), tetracycline (tet), streptomycin and spectinomycin (aadA1). In recent years, blaCTX- M- 1- positive pESI- like plasmids have been increasingly detected in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- producing S. Infantis clone. Using a com- bined short- and long-read sequencing approach, two main types of pESI variants have been identified, differing in the acces- sory gene content, including the blaCTX- M variant, indicating a certain stability of pESI variants detected in different geographical regions and sources over time (2011–2021). Moreover, the differences were related to the acquisition of resistance, virulence or fitness- enhancing genes that would potentially benefit the Salmonella host. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/966 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/965 Abequose-containing O-antigen polysaccharide from Aeromonas sobria K221 (serogroup PGO1): structure, O-antigen gene cluster correlation, and Abe-transferase prediction Turska-Szewczuk, Anna; Dworaczek, Katarzyna; Bomba, Arkadiusz; Kubaczyńska, Maria; Drzewiecka, Dominika; Iwan, Ewelina; Kamińska, Ewelina; Pękala-Safińska, Agnieszka Aeromonas species are important opportunistic pathogens in freshwater aquaculture, including Polish fish farms, where outbreak-associated isolates have been assigned to local provisional serogroups. Among these, PGO1 is frequently detected, but the structural and genetic diversity of the corresponding O-specific polysaccharides remains poorly understood. Here, we characterized Aeromonas sobria strain K221, a PGO1 isolate recovered from common carp during an outbreak of motile Aeromonas infection/septicaemia. The O-specific polysaccharide (OPS), isolated from LPS, was analysed by chemical methods and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy, and its O-repeating unit was identified as a linear pentasaccharide containing β-GlcpNAc, 2-O-acetylated α-Rhap, and α-Abep resi- dues. Bioinformatic analysis of the O-antigen gene cluster (OGC) revealed gene content consistent with the OPS structure and supported functional assignment of the biosynthesis locus, including a putative α-1,3-CDP-abe- quosyltransferase. Both the OPS and its OGC differed from those of other recently characterized PGO1 strains, indicating that K221 represents a distinct variant within this serogroup. The occurrence of 2-substituted abe- quose, not previously reported in Aeromonas O-polysaccharides or as a 2-substituted residue in bacterial O- polysaccharides, highlights an unusual structure–biosynthesis relationship. These findings reveal greater struc- tural and genetic diversity within the Aeromonas PGO1 serogroup than previously recognized and expand current knowledge of bacterial O-specific carbohydrate polymers. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.piwet.pulawy.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/965 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z